论文英文参考文献标准格式【精选3篇】
论文英文参考文献标准格式 篇一
Title: Standard Format for Referencing English Literature in Research Papers
Introduction:
In academic research papers, referencing is an essential component that allows readers to trace the sources of information and ideas presented in the paper. Properly citing references not only gives credit to the original authors but also enhances the credibility and reliability of the research. In this article, we will discuss the standard format for referencing English literature in research papers.
Standard Format:
The standard format for referencing English literature in research papers typically follows the guidelines provided by the Modern Language Association (MLA). The MLA style is widely used in the humanities, especially in literature and language studies.
1. In-text Citations:
In-text citations in the MLA style consist of the author's last name and the page number of the source material within parentheses. For example, (Smith 45). If the author's name is mentioned within the sentence, only the page number needs to be enclosed in parentheses.
2. Works Cited Page:
At the end of the research paper, a separate page titled "Works Cited" should be included. This page lists all the sources cited in the paper and provides detailed information to identify and locate each source. The following information should be included in the Works Cited entry for English literature sources:
- Author's name: Last name, First name.
- Title of the work: Italicized or underlined.
- Title of the container: Italicized or underlined (if applicable).
- Other contributors: Translators or editors, if applicable.
- Version: Edition, if applicable.
- Number: Volume and issue numbers, if applicable.
- Publisher: Name of the publisher.
- Publication date: Year of publication.
- Location: Page numbers or URL.
Example of a Works Cited entry for a book:
Smith, John. The Art of English Literature. Oxford University Press, 2010.
Example of a Works Cited entry for an article in a journal:
Brown, Sarah. "Shakespeare's Influence on Modern Literature." Journal of English Studies, vol. 15, no. 2, 2018, pp. 45-67.
Conclusion:
Properly citing references is crucial for maintaining academic integrity and acknowledging the contributions of other scholars. By following the standard format for referencing English literature in research papers, researchers can ensure that their work is well-supported and trustworthy.
论文英文参考文献标准格式 篇二
Title: Standard Format for Referencing Scientific Literature in Research Papers
Introduction:
In scientific research papers, accurate and comprehensive referencing is vital for establishing credibility and facilitating further research. Proper referencing allows readers to locate and verify the sources used by the authors. In this article, we will discuss the standard format for referencing scientific literature in research papers.
Standard Format:
The standard format for referencing scientific literature in research papers varies depending on the citation style preferred by the academic institution or journal. The most commonly used citation styles in scientific research papers include the American Psychological Association (APA) style and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) style.
1. In-text Citations:
In-text citations in the APA style typically include the author's last name and the year of publication within parentheses. For example, (Smith, 2015). If the author's name is mentioned within the sentence, only the year of publication needs to be enclosed in parentheses. In the IEEE style, in-text citations are indicated by a number in square brackets, such as [1].
2. References Page:
At the end of the research paper, a separate page titled "References" (APA style) or "Bibliography" (IEEE style) should be included. This page lists all the sources cited in the paper and provides detailed information to identify and locate each source. The following information should be included in the reference entry for scientific literature sources:
- Author's name: Last name, First initial(s).
- Year of publication: Enclosed in parentheses.
- Title of the work: Italicized or in sentence case.
- Journal or book title: Italicized or in sentence case.
- Volume and issue numbers: If applicable.
- Page numbers: Range of page numbers.
- DOI or URL: If available.
Example of an APA reference entry for a journal article:
Smith, J. (2015). The Impact of Climate Change on Biodiversity. Journal of Environmental Studies, 25(2), 45-67. doi:10.1234/jes.2015.25.2.45
Example of an IEEE reference entry for a conference paper:
[1] Brown, S., Johnson, L., & Williams, R. (2018). Advances in Artificial Intelligence. Proceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning, 45-52. Retrieved from https://www.icml.org/proceedings/2018/1234.pdf
Conclusion:
Proper referencing is essential in scientific research papers to acknowledge the contributions of other researchers and enable further exploration of the topic. By following the standard format for referencing scientific literature, researchers can ensure the accuracy and validity of their work.
论文英文参考文献标准格式 篇三
论文英文参考文献标准格式
文后参考文献的著录规则为GB/T 7714—2005《文后参考文献著录规则》，适用于“著者和编辑编录的文后参考文献，而不能作为图书馆员、文献目录编制者以及索引编辑者使用的文献著录规则”。下面的是小编分享的与论文英文参考文献标准格式有关的文章，欢迎继续访问应届毕业生毕业论文网!
文内引用
(一)直接引用
1.引用中的省略
原始资料的`引用：在正文中直接引用时，应给出作者、年份，并用带括号的数字标出页码。若有任何资料省略，使用英文时，应用3个省略号在句中标出(…)，中文用6个(……);若两句间的资料省略，英文应用4个省略号标出(‥‥)，中文用6个(……)。若要在直接引用插入自己的解释，应使用方括号[ ]。若在资料中有什么错误拼写、错误语法或标点错误会使读者糊涂，应在引用后立即插入[sic]，中文用[原文如此]。下面是一些示例：
例一：The DSM IV defines the disorder [dysthymic] as being in a chronically depressed mood that occurs for "most of the day more days than not for at least two years (Criterion A) .... In children, the mood may be irritable rather than depressed, and the required minimum duration is only one year" (APA, 1994, p. 345).
例二：Issac (1995) states that bipolar disorder "is not only uncommon but may be the most diagnostic entity in children and adolescents in similar settings .... and may be the most common diagnosis in adole
2.大段落引用
当中文引用超过160字时，不使用引号，而使用“块”的形式(引用起于新的一行，首行缩进4个空格，两端对齐，之后每行都缩进)。
当英文引用超过40字时，不使用引号，而使用“块”的形式(引用起于新的一行，首行缩进5个空格，左对齐，之后每行都缩进)。
Elkind (1978) states:
In general, our findings support Piaget's view that perceptions
as well as intelligence are neither entirely inborn nor entirely innate but are rather progressively constructed through the gradual development of perceptual regulations. The chapter has also attempted to demonstrate the applicability of Piaget's theory to practical issues by summarizing some research growing out of an analysis of beginning reading. (p.183)
(二)间接引用
1.基本格式
同作者在同一段中重复被引用时，第一次必须写出日期，第二次以后则日期可省略。
a.英文文献：In a recent study of reaction times, Walker (2000) described the method…Walker also found…。
b.中文文献：李福印(2004)提出概念隐喻的重要性，…;李福印同时建议…。
2. 单一作者
a. 英文文献：姓氏(出版或发表年代)或(姓氏，出版或发表年代)。
例如：Porter (2001)…或…(Porter, 2001)。
b. 中文文献：姓名(出版或发表年代)或(姓名，出版或发表年代)。
例如：杨惠中(2011)…或…(杨惠中，2011)。
3.两个作者
英文引用时，在圆括号内使用两名作者的姓氏，并使用“&”来连接，在正文中，使用“and”连接两名作者。
中文引用时，在圆括号内使用两名作者的姓名，并用顿号“、”来连接，在正文中，使用 “和”、“与”、“及”等字连接两名作者。
例如：
(Smith & Jones, 1994), or Smith and Jones (1994) found....
In 1994 Smith and Jones researched.... Always cite both names in text.
陈国华和田兵(2008)认为…或…(陈国华、田兵，2008)
4.三至五个作者
英文第一次引用参考资料时，列出所有的作者的姓氏，除最后一名作者之前在正文中使用逗号加“and”、在圆括号内使用逗号加“&”连接外，之前的其他作者之间使用逗号“，”;之后引用时，英文用第一个作者的姓随之以“et al.”。
中文第一次引用参考资料时，列出所有作者的姓名，除最后两名作者之间用“和”连接外，之前的其他作者之间使用顿号“、”;之后引用时，用第一名作者加“等”字。
例如：
Strasburger, Jorgensen, and Randles (1996) found differences.... (第一次使用).
Strasburger et al. (1996) also created tests.... (在段落中第二次使用).
Starsburger et al. found discrepancies.... (在同一段落中再次使用，此时省略年份).
卫乃兴、李文中与濮建忠(2005)指出…或…(卫乃兴、李文中、濮建忠，2005)。(第一次使用)
卫乃兴等(2005)指出…或…(卫乃兴等，2005)。(第二次使用)
5.六个作者及以上
使用英文时，只用第一个人的姓氏加“et al.”;使用中文时，只列出第一名作者的姓名，再加上“等”。
例如：
Pouliquen et al. (2003)……或……(Pouliquen et al., 2003)
王洪俊等(2007)…或…(王洪俊等,2007)
6.团体作者
使用中文时，第一次用全称，比如，(首都师范大学教育科学学院[首师大教科院]，2001);之后可以用简称，比如，首师大教科院(2001)的调查表明……。
使用英文时，第一次引用时，拼出团体，比如, (National Institute of Mental Health [NIMH], 1996);以后用团体缩写加年份表示，比如，The NIMH (1996) examined....。
7.没有作者的文献
当一部作品没有作者时，在文中引用参考文献目录单中的前几个字(通常是标题)和年份。比如，一项关于成年人抑郁症的调查(“Study Finds”, 1997)报告……。
当某作品的作者列为“Anonymous”、中文使用“匿名”或“无名氏”时，英文引用时用“Anonymous”加逗号及年份，即(Anonymous, 1997)，中文用“匿名”加逗号及年份，即(匿名，1997)。
8.英文文献作者姓氏相同
英文文献作者姓氏相同時，相同姓氏之作者于论文中引用时均引用全名，以避免混淆。
例如：R. D. Luce (1995) and G. E. Luce (1988)…。
9.多篇文献
a. 多篇文献，同一作者
若一作者有多篇你想引用的文献，只需用逗号“，”来区隔作品的发表年份(最早到最晚依序排列)。若多篇文献在同一年内发表，请在年份后面加上a、b、c……等标注。(按：abc的使用需与参考文献部分有所对应，而这些文献的编排以标题名称的字母来决定。)
例如：
1)A recent study found a possible genetic cause of alcoholism (Pauling, 2004, 2005a, 2005b).
2)Pauling (2004, 2005a, 2005b) conducted a study that discovered a possible genetic cause of alcoholism
b.多篇文献，多位作者
文献依姓氏字母(笔画)、出版年代等顺序排列，不同作者之间用分号“;”分开，相同作者不同年代之文献用逗号“，” 分开。
例如：…(Pautler, 1992; Razik & Swanson, 1993a, 1993b)。
例如：…(董伟，2010;周音，2011a，2011b)。
英文文献采用“APA格式”：
单一作者著作的书籍：
姓，名字首字母.(年). 书名(斜体). 出版社所在城市：出版社.
Sheril, R. D. (1956). The terrifying future: Contemplating color television. San Diego: Halstead.
两位作者以上合著的书籍：
姓，名字首字母., & 姓，名字首字母.(年). 书名(斜体). 出版社所在城市：出版社.
Smith, J., & Peter, Q. (1992). Hairball: An intensive peek behind the surface of an enigma. Hamilton, ON: McMaster University Press.
文集中的文章：
Mcdonalds, A. (1993). Practical methods for the apprehension and sustained containment of supernatural entities. In G. L. Yeager (Ed.), Paranormal and occult studies: Case studies in application (pp. 42–64). London: OtherWorld Books.
期刊中的文章(非连续页码)：
Crackton, P. (1987). The Loonie: God's long-awaited gift to colourful pocket change? Canadian Change, 64(7), 34–37.
期刊中的文章(连续页码)：
姓，名字首字母.(年). 题目. 期刊名(斜体). 第几期，页码.
Rottweiler, F. T., & Beauchemin, J. L. (1987). Detroit and Narnia: Two foes on the brink of destruction.Canadian/American Studies Journal, 54, 66–146.
月刊杂志中的文章：
Henry, W. A., III. (1990, April 9). Making the grade in today's schools. Time, 135, 28-31.
